Berdirinya Organisasi Kemiliteran pada Masa Pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia (1942-1945)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain and analyze the establishment of military organizations during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia and the process of forming popular organizations that led to the achievement of Indonesian independence. The method used in this study is the historical method, which includes heuristics, criticism (internal and external), interpretation, and historiography. The focus of this article is to discuss the establishment of youth organizations during the Japanese occupation, semi-military organizations, and military organizations. The results of this study indicate that the organizations established by the Japanese occupation, specifically Indonesia, were an effort to assist the Japanese in the war against the Allies. The most important main role in the participation of military organizations was the youth group. They were considered capable of helping to increase the manpower of soldiers against the Allies so that young men joined military organizations as war reserves when needed by Japan. However, the bitter defeat suffered by Japan against the Allies. In the end, Japan surrendered unconditionally on August 14, 1945. Japan's defeat brought Indonesia free from colonialism for three and a half centuries after Soekarno proclaimed the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence on August 17, 1945.

Keywords: Japanese Occupation, Military, Three A Movement